STAGE TO SCREENS: A Chat with Mary Testa and the 1953-54 TV season
By Michael Buckley
21 Dec 2003
Back in the 1953-54 TV season, sets were sans cable and stereo — and, for the most part, color. (The first network color telecast took place on "The Colgate Comedy Hour," November 22, 1953.) If you had a 12-inch screen, you were living "The Life of Riley" (rated No. 13 that season).
TV language was strictly guarded then; now, anything goes. Lucille Ball
couldn't use the term "pregnant" on "I Love Lucy"; today, viewers wouldn't
notice it — and, on a lot of channels, they're able to see how one gets "in
the family way." In those days, apartment dwellers had to use "rabbit ears" (an antenna) to try to get a good picture, and there usually was trouble with the vertical hold.
As it had been the previous season, "I Love Lucy" was the No. 1 show. Over the next three seasons, it would remain in that position, except for
1955-56, when it took second place to "The $64,000 Question." Originally,
the network wanted the sitcom to be done live in New York City, and an actor other than Ball's husband, Desi Arnaz, cast as Ricky Ricardo. Ball won out in filming the series (thus making episodes available for endless reruns), shooting the show in Hollywood in front of an audience, and in having Arnaz play Ricky. In 1960, Ball made her Broadway debut in the musical,Wildcat, but reviews were not what she expected, and eventually Ball took "ill."
Perhaps the most successful crime drama ever on television,
"Dragnet" — "Dum-de-dum-dum" — ranked as No. 2. The series was created for radio in 1949 by Jack Webb, who starred as Sgt. Joe Friday, Badge 714: "Just the facts, m'am."
Arthur Godfrey, who won fame on radio, had the No. 3 show ("Talent Scouts") and the No. 6 entry ("...and His Friends"). The former presented new talent, including, over the years, Tony Bennett, Rosemary Clooney, Steve Lawrence, Leslie Uggams, and Pat Boone, with the winner chosen by an applause meter. (Incidentally, among those rejected in auditions was Elvis Presley.)
The latter show was an hour variety program with regulars such as Julius La Rosa, the Chordettes, Marion Marlowe (who later created the role of the Baroness in Broadway's The Sound of Music) and Haleloke. Later, Godfrey fired them and hired as replacements Pat Boone, the McGuire Sisters, Carmel Quinn and Miyoshi Umeki (later a Tony nominee for Flower Drum Song and an Oscar winner for Sayonara).
Tied with "Talent Scouts" in the No. 3 slot was "You Bet Your Life,"
starring Groucho Marx. It had been a radio success, with the quiz-show
format secondary to the irrepressible Marx and his humor. A presenter at the 1968 Tonys, Marx handed out the award for Best Actress in a Musical. When Leslie Uggams won for Hallelujah, Baby! (tying with Patricia Routledge, Darling of the Day), she claimed, "I don't know where my feet are tonight." Quipped Marx, "Want me to look?"
In the No. 5-rated slot — the No. 3 tie precluded a No. 4 — was "The Milton Berle Show." Due to his tremendous popularity, Berle was dubbed "Mr. Television" in 1948. After his small-screen success, "Uncle Miltie" rejected the role of Pseudolus in A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum, and returned to Broadway (for the first time since Ziegfeld Follies of 1943) in Herb Gardner's short-lived 1968 play, The Goodbye People.
"Ford Theatre" placed No. 7. This live anthology series ran as an hour on
CBS from 1949 to '51, presenting (from New York) such dramatizations as "Twentieth Century," starring Fredric March and Lilli Palmer, and in October 1952 moved to NBC as a half-hour (from Hollywood). For its last season (1956-57), it played on ABC. Among its stars were Ronald Reagan and Nancy Davis, making their first appearance together, in a February 1953 episode, "First Born."
"The Jackie Gleason Show," a variety hour, was No. 8. Between 1940 and '49, Gleason appeared in four Broadway shows, the most successful of which was Follow the Girls. In 1959, Gleason returned to Broadway in his last show, Take Me Along, for which he won a Tony.
Supposedly, the day after the opening, Gleason called producer David Merrick and asked how soon he could be replaced. (His eventual replacement was William Bendix, star of "The Life of Riley.") Two of Gleason's competitors for the Tony were fellow cast members Walter Pidgeon and Robert Morse; the others were Andy Griffith (Destry Rides Again) and Anthony Perkins (Greenwillow).
Rated No. 9, "Fireside Theatre" was an anthology series hosted (1953-55) by its frequent star, Gene Raymond (who was succeeded by Jane Wyman). It had started in 1949 with a comedy, "Friend of the Family," co-starring Virginia Gilmore and (husband) Yul Brynner, pre-King and I, and among the revues presented was Leonard Sillman's "New Faces."
Tied as No. 10 were "The Colgate Comedy Hour" and "This Is Your Life."
Competition for Ed Sullivan's "Toast of the Town" on CBS, "The Colgate
Comedy Hour" featured rotating hosts, including Eddie Cantor, Dean Martin
and Jerry Lewis, Donald O'Connor, Bud Abbott and Lou Costello, and Jimmy
Durante. Occasionally, they would present book musicals, such as (on
February 28, 1954) "Anything Goes," starring Ethel Merman, Frank Sinatra, and Bert Lahr.
"This Is Your Life" was created for radio in the late 1940s by host Ralph
Edwards. This biographical series, which surprised its subjects, came to TV in 1952 and remained nine seasons. Exceptions to the surprise element included Eddie Cantor, who had a heart condition, and Lillian Roth, who had battled alcoholism. Roth had appeared on Broadway in three shows as a child, and three more as a young adult. Roth returned in I Can Get It for You Wholesale in 1962, and again in 1971's 70, Girls, 70.
One series that season that did not reach the top 10 was "Bonino," which
lasted from September to the end of December 1953. It starred Ezio Pinza, the Metropolitan Opera star who became a matinee-idol sensation — and won a Tony — in 1949's South Pacific. MGM tried to make Pinza a movie star in two 1951 releases, "Mr. Imperium," co-starring Lana Turner, and "Strictly Dishonorable," opposite Janet Leigh. However, neither film was a success.
A live sitcom, "Bonino" presented Pinza as a world-famous concert singer
whose wife died, leaving him with eight children. In November 1954, Pinza
returned to Broadway in his only other musical, Fanny, co-starring (a Tony-winning) Walter Slezak and a pre-"Brady Bunch" Florence Henderson.
That was all a half-century ago, but some of those shows seem superior to today's choices — even with a multitude of channels.
***
Last-Minute Gifts: The DVDs, both from Image Entertainment, of
"Elaine Stritch: At Liberty" (the best one-person show of the century) and
Hugh Jackman (the best Curly I've ever seen) in the 1998 London production of "Oklahoma!"; the books, "Colored Lights" (interviews with Kander and Ebb), as told to Greg Lawrence, "The Girl Who Fell Down" (a biography of Joan McCracken), by Lisa Jo Sagolla, Ted Chapin's "Everything Was Possible: the Birth of the Musical "Follies"; Barbara Cook's new Christmas CD (her first) on DRG, "Count Your Blessings." Best wishes for a happy holiday season to all the column's readers.
***
END QUIZ: On December 29, 1975, CBS-TV showed a rejected pilot for a sitcom based on the play, "The Owl and the Pussycat." Co-starring were Buck Henry and which of the following actresses: a) Madeline Kahn; b) Bernadette Peters; c) Tammy Grimes? (Answer: Next column, January 18)
The November 26 question was: Who originated Ben Shenkman's role of Louis Ironson in "Angels in America" on Broadway: a) David Marshall Grant; b) Dan Futterman; c) Joe Mantello? The answer is c). (Mantello was succeeded by Dan Futterman; David Marshall Grant portrayed Joe Pitt.)
Michael Buckley also writes for TheaterMania.com and The Sondheim Review. He may be reached at mbuckley6@nyc.rr.com
