The prize, worth 150,000 euros ($195,000), is awarded annually by the Ernst von Siemens Music Foundation, and recognizes achievement in contemporary music. Previous winners include Oliver Messiaen, Pierre Boulez, Wolfgang Rihm, and Nikolaus Harnoncourt.
Dutilleux will be honored at a ceremony on June 3 in Munich.
Born in 1916, Dutilleux studied at the Paris Conservatoire. His works include two symphonies, concertos for cello, and violin, chamber music, and ballet scores.